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Spectroscopy Tutorials

In addition to these lessons, you might find the sites listed on the Reference Materials page of the Chem 232 Lab wesite to be very useful.

Spectroscopy Lessons
MS Lessons	1.6 M/M+1 ratio (determination for C and N)
1.1 Molecular Ion	1.7 M/M+2 ratio (Cl?, Br?, O?, S?)
1.2 m/e	1.8 Introduction to Fragment Ions
1.3 Nitrogen rule	1.9 Common Fragment Ions
1.4 Reading the GC-MS report	1.10 Alpha Cleavage
1.5 Preparing a GC-MS sample	1.11. Other Cleavage Processes

IR Lessons	2.3 Using the Golden Gate to get an IR
2.1 Characteristic Bond that Stretch	2.4 CH Bends
2.2 The IR Spectra	2.5 Aryl Pattern Recognition

CMR Lessons	3.6 Multiplet nomenclature
3.1 Equivalent Carbons	3.7 Application of Pascal's Triangle
3.2 Sample Prep for CMR	3.8 DEPT: Classification of Carbon as 1, 2, 3 or 4
3.3 n+1 Rule	3.9 CMR ppm values
3.4 Why n+1 works	3.10 Reporting CMR data
3.5 J values	3.11 Electronegativity Effects on CMR ppm values

PMR Lessons	4.5 coupling in systems with rigid conformation
4.Intro Introduction to PMR	4.6 coupling in aromatic systems
4.1 # of signals	4.7 Coupling Diagrams
4.2 chemical shift	4.8 Pattern Recognition in PMR
4.3 integration	4.9 Complex aliphatic coupling
4.4 aliphatic coupling

UV-Vis Lessons	5.3 Woodward-Fieser Rules
5.1 Electronic Transitions	5.4 Sample Prep for PDA Analysis
5.2 Terms & Definitions

2D NMR	6.2 HETCOR for H-C connectivity
6.1 COSY for H-H correlation

Combined Analysis
7.1 Annotation Check List	7.2 What to Look for in Spectral Data